Chinese contemporary jade carving crafts, from the big genre, can be divided into two groups, the north is represented by Beijing, covering Liaoning, Tianjin, Hebei, some Henan, Xinjiang and other northern provinces and cities, while the southern faction includes the Yangtze River and The southern region is divided into several tribes, including “Shanghai Workers†represented by Shanghai Mu Yujing, “Suzhou Workers†represented by Suzhou, “Yangzhou Workers†represented by Yangzhou, and “Guangdong Workersâ€. And "Fujian workers." Shanghai jade carving is mainly white jade, and there are also a small amount of jade. The production of jade carvings by Shanghai Yiyixuan is very wide, mainly based on Xinjiang Hetian jade. Beijing jade carving The craftsmanship of Beijing jade carvings has a long history, deep and exquisite, and the materials used in the production are based on materials, and they are especially popular in terms of materials. When we identify Beijing jade carvings, we generally start with the texture, color, engraving and texture of jade carvings. First of all, the texture of Beijing jade carving is hard and crystal clear, while the southern jade carving is generally nephrite. Secondly, the jade carvings in Beijing are beautiful and exquisite, and the jade carvings of the southern school are soft. Third, the carvings of Beijing jade carvings pay great attention to the shape and have court art. The style of the Nanpai jade carving is more casual and the style is rougher. In short, Beijing jade carvings are not only beautiful and beautiful, but also preserved for thousands of years, so they are deeply loved by collectors. jade carving The Chinese have always regarded jade as a symbol of status. In ancient times, wealthy people often wear jade articles with them. As a result, a large number of jade artists gathered in the area of ​​Chongwenmen Flower Market in Beijing, and Beijing became the jade center of China. The jade industry is an industry with a relatively high status in the old Beijing. Its famous masters are very respected, and the artists are paid more and are respected as “Mr.â€. The jade articles of the present and the present inherit the old traditions in the style of creation. The Beijing jade factory once carved a pair of matchbox-sized "longfeng Chengxiang", the volume is so small, or it is finely carved into an impetuous dragon. Patterns such as phoenix, butterfly, and double happiness are unusually far-reaching in the square inch. Another masterpiece is "Pirate Grass": the white lady is wrapped in red, and in the chase of chasing a black ganoderma lucidum, it is amazing that the colors in the jade carving are all using the original color of jade. Haipai jade carving Haipai jade carving is one of the four major schools of Chinese jade carving. It was formed at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, it has a strong influence in the current jade carving art. In recent years, with the rising price of Hetian jade, a group of outstanding Haipai jade carving masters have emerged and created a lot of collectible art products, which has injected fresh blood into the jade carving art. The Haipai jade carving is a faction of jade carving art style centered on Shanghai. The real contribution of the Haipai jade carving lies in "Haina" and "fine work". Its "Haina" is inclusive - painting, sculpture, calligraphy, stone carving, folk shadow and paper-cut, contemporary abstract art, as long as it is beautiful, as long as it is good, but not far from the original point, the valuable is "Haina" After digestion, it is still "slender". According to Mu Yujing, a teacher of Haipai jade carving master Yi Yixuan, the “fine work†of Haipai jade carving is even more amazing. The application of color, whimsy, skillfulness and refinement are original; the inheritance, transformation, innovation and outsourcing of the theme are very rich. The understanding, development, use and change of crafts are more deified; the discovery, grafting, continuation and breakthrough of thoughts are worthy of the times... The artists of the Haipai jade carvings have created and developed the style of the Shanghai style, and it has become a new collection and investment hotspot. Teacher Mu Yujing introduced that the Haipai jade carving has undergone a long process of formation. 1. Forming the initial stage At the beginning of the 19th century, Shanghai became an important port for trade between China and the world, so that jade products from Suzhou, Yangzhou and its surrounding areas were exported through the Shanghai Port. This situation provided a broad space for the Shanghai jade carving industry. Development space. There are a large number of sculpture artists from Suzhou and Yangzhou, and they have found an ideal place to display their talents in this oriental metropolis. At that time, like the famous antique-style jade carving masters Wang Jinxi, Wan Yuanzhai, Fu Changhua, You Hongxiang, characters, animal carvings, Yang Hengyu, Hu Hongsheng, Gu Xianchi, etc., all absorbed new cultural nutrition in Shanghai’s specific cultural atmosphere. So, a new jade carving style - Hai style. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, there were more than 200 jade workshops and shops in Shanghai. More than 200 people were engaged in engraving professional work, mainly producing sculptures of Buddha statues, ladies, furnaces, etc. The "Su" and "Yang" jade carvings followed the local Traditional craftsmanship. At that time, the Shanghai jade carving industry, which was mainly adapted to the needs of foreigners, was called “dressing schoolâ€. The Yangzhou gang artists mainly produced jade articles, mostly “dressing schoolâ€; while Suzhou artists specialize in jade jewelry and floral ornaments. The jade jewellery and the play pieces are mainly referred to as “the dress schoolâ€; another one is dedicated to the bronze styling and the ancient jade since the Qin and Han dynasties, and is called the “Antique Partyâ€. In the 1930s, Shanghai jade carving ornaments have a high artistic level. The Jade Pearl Tower won the highest award at the Panama International Fair. The Jade Big Pagoda was long-term collection by the San Francisco Museum. 2. Inheritance and development stage After the 1960s, the state attached importance to the improvement of personnel training and engraving equipment, and the Shanghai-style carving industry developed rapidly. At the end of the 1980s, there were more than 2,000 jade carvings in Shanghai, and there were more than 200 kinds of works. As the five kinds of sculptures of the Shanghai style, the vases, figures, statues, flowers, birds, beasts and natural bottles have begun to take shape. "The carving is exquisite, pay attention to the rules, strict styling, solemn and quaint", and "exquisite furnace utensils, vivid figures of birds and beasts", has become the main feature of the Haipai jade carving. Since the 1950s, his representative figures include "Heart Bottle Master" Sun Natural, Sun Tianyi, "Three Great Artists" Wei Zhengrong, "Inheritance and Innovation" by Zhou Shouhai, "Nan Yuyiwei" Liu Jisong and "Flying Beast King" Dong Tianji, etc. . The furnace bottleware is the most iconic creation of Haipai jade carving. The Shanghai style bottleware has a reputation for its elegant and elegant shape, simple and exquisite decoration, and rich bronze charm. It is well-known in the Chinese jade carving industry. Three-legged incense burner, Sixi furnace, Wuting furnace, Tianji bottle, end furnace, Yangzun, rhinoceros, and Baifo furnace are all representative works of Haipai jade carving. "Mo Biyu Zhou Zhongyu" and "Sapphire Animal Face Pot" were collected by the Chinese Arts and Crafts Museum. The famous Haipai carving master and the "Jade Jade One" Liu Jisong designed and produced the "Jade Crested Furnace", which carved 100 different Buddha statues with different shapes and different shapes in the 7.5-inch high-diameter 8-inch flask. The Shanghai China Crafts Fair held in Yokohama, Japan in September caused a sensation. The old artist Huang Derong created "Coral 100 Vase", "Purple Emerald Dragon and Phoenix Natural Bottle", "Yangzhi White Jade Crafted Butterfly Chrysanthemum Bottle", "White Jade Sea Bream Thin Bottle", "Mobiyu Wanshou Wannian", "Agate Crown" A large number of Shanghai-style masterpieces, such as Shangguanguan, Baiyu Wuyang, Sapphire Unicorn, Black and White Jade Color, and Moyu Rhinoceros, have caused great sensation in the industry and are well-known at home and abroad. The giant jade "Red Flag inserted in Mount Everest", which was designed by three artists, Wei Zhengrong and co-engraved by 13 engraving technicians, weighing more than 2,500 kilograms, lasted three years and was completed in 1962. The artists used the techniques of round carving, embossing and openwork to vividly depict the heroic feats of 41 mountain climbers in China. The works were praised as national treasure by Premier Zhou Enlai. In 1979, on a rare giant sapphire of more than 7,300 kilograms, more than 20 of the most outstanding masters and carving technicians, such as Xiao Haichun, Han Wei, Zhu Ningfang, Xu Kangxian, and Qi Longxi, designed and produced the "Wan Shui Qianshan" with a height of 2.6 meters and a width of 1.4 meters. The picture reproduces the magnificent historical picture of the Red Army’s long march and becomes another masterpiece of the contemporary Shanghai School. 3. The stage of innovation and prosperity In the 1990s, the new situation of reform and opening up ushered in another spring of the innovation and prosperity of jade carving. The Haipai jade carvings are new and inclusive. On the basis of the carving style of jade carving artists in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, they combine the craftsmanship of Yang Bang, Su Bang, Nan Bang and Gong jade carvings. They also inherit the essence of Chinese Ming and Qing jade carvings, and they are popular in the “fineâ€. Working hard, a large number of representative jade carving masters emerged. At present, the most distinctive and traditional bottle and vessel utensils in the Haipai jade carvings are also dazzling. Song Mingfang, Dai Yongcai, Qi Huizhong, Li Yuhua, Jiang Daxiong, Zhong Jianlin and Han Yongnian created the Shanghai style bottleware, which is well known both at home and abroad for its "rules, symmetry and dignity". It is known as the "Seven Gentlemen". The works of the "Seven Gentlemen" are sturdy, rigorous and dynamic, and the materials are very particular. They are outstanding representatives of the "powerful faction." In the new century, the craftsmen of the Haipai jade carvings are like the "eight immortals crossing the sea", each of which is talented and expresses its power. Shengshi Nianhua, Haipai jade carving is also good at using the natural shapes and different colors of various jade. Because of the suitable conditions, the material and the art, the style is quite beautiful, forming a handsome and elegant "Shanghai style" art style, which is similar to the Beijing court. The genre has formed a new era of contemporary Chinese jade. Jade carving bay Jade Eagle Bay is located in the “Hometown of Jade Carvingsâ€-----Zhaohe River in the center of Shifosi Town, Zhenping County. Zhaohe, a long-flowing clear water, flows beautifully from the market, with beautiful environment and convenient transportation. The area is rich in jade carving processing, trade, tourism, Jade carving bay Leisure and entertainment as one, with a strong flavor of jade, is the town's comprehensive jade carving professional market and political and economic center after the Hezhuang ornaments market, the Yushuzhuang jade bracelet market and the Shifo Temple jade agate boutique market. It has been famous both at home and abroad for its jade carving and silk-staining. It is not only the birthplace of Nanyang jade carving, but also the only jade carving industry town in Henan. It has the reputation of “hometown of jade carving†and “small Shanghaiâ€. The Bay Area has beautiful scenery, pleasant scenery, and numerous natural and cultural landscapes. The jade carving bay industrial zone with urban atmosphere, the rugged artificial lake, the lush green corridor, the Longxiang Bridge, the Rainbow Bridge, the European style and the jade carving business building that integrate sightseeing, shopping and heatstroke constitute the panoramic view of Jade Carving Bay. . At present, the Jade Eagle Bay browsing area has become a newly emerging tourist attraction in southwestern Henan. It integrates commerce, leisure, entertainment and sightseeing, and contains a strong flavor of jade. Overlooking the jade carving bay, along the banks of the Zhao River is the original ecological forest of green manure, the environment is beautiful, the artificial lake is rippled, the wild ducks, the osprey and other waterfowls are in groups; the clear lake reflects the blue sky; the European style jade carving business building The group reflects the surface of the water; the weeping willows on the shore, the grass is like a vine; the Longxiang Bridge is like a dragon lying on the blue waves, and the arched bridge is like a rainbow hanging over the horizon; the jewels and jade ornaments are as if they are in the ocean of jade. As the iconic building of Jade Carving Bay, the Zhonghua Jade Cultural Center was designed by Dr. Zhao Bing, one of the eight outstanding Chinese designers in the world. The whole building is based on the word “Jadeâ€, with a total investment of 8 million yuan. The building area is 4,000 square meters. It consists of exhibition hall, multi-function hall, jade culture museum and jade culture research center. The space is smooth and unique. Now it is planning to build a boutique exhibition hall and the first jade culture museum in China. After the completion of the jade carving business, boutique exhibition and jade culture research, it is a must at home and abroad. The beautiful modern garden scenery of Jade Carving Bay complements the modern market management mode, which makes the jade carving bay jewelry jade carving market show great potential and broad market prospects. At present, there are a wide variety of tourist crafts such as Kistler, antiques, calligraphy and painting, porcelain, bone carving, corner carving, and copper products in the market. The jade carving bay market has become the largest handicraft processing and sales market in the country with jade carving and other various products. The daily leisure and shopping traffic has reached 5,000 person-times, and the daily turnover is nearly 2 million yuan. After the completion of the Jade Carving Bay Market, it will also plan and construct supporting facilities such as kindergartens, stations, senior apartments, water plants, entertainment centers and other public welfare undertakings in the area, improve the market functions, and make the jade carving bay comprehensive market become fully functional, set shopping, Leisure, entertainment as one of the economic, cultural, and commercial centers. Yangzhou jade carving Yangzhou does not produce jade, but the convenient transportation and wealthy citizens of ancient Yangzhou have created convenient conditions for the formation and development of jade carving. The precious jade from all over the country is processed here, and it is worth a hundred times. The composition, color, shape and size of each piece of jade are different. The jade carving masters are good at first conceiving the shape of the jade according to their different characteristics, and then carefully carving them. Sometimes a large jade carving work has to be carved by a person for more than ten years. The jade stone used in Yangzhou jade carving is hard and dense, and the hardness is 4 to 8 degrees Mohs. The technique of hand-carving is more complicated, and its craftsmanship is honing, that is, "ç¢çŽ‰" and "Growing jade". The jade used in Yangzhou jade carving includes white jade, sapphire, jasper in Xinjiang, jade jade, agate, topaz in Liaoning, crystal in Jiangsu, green seedlings in Hubei, pine ear stones, southern jade in Guangdong and jade in Brazil, and jade in Myanmar. Afghan green gold, Canadian jasper and Japanese coral. Yangzhou jade is divided into six categories: bottle, character, flower and bird, beast, antique, and mountain carving. The variety is complete and the colors are numerous. The Yangzhou jade carvings of the past dynasties have preserved the artistic characteristics of different periods. For example, the "White Jade" of the Western Han Dynasty was carved with the jade jade, using the "Han Eight Carvings" technique, the lines are concise and straightforward, and the martial arts are highly refined; Water control is a combination of various techniques. It is a rare treasure. It is made of Xinjiang Qingbai jade. It is 224 cm high, carved for 6 years, with 150,000 jobs, and consumes more than 15,000 silver. Yangzhou jade carving creatively combines various techniques such as Yinxian, deep relief, three-dimensional round carving and hollow carving, forming the basic characteristics of "thickness, mellowness, elegance, elegance and exquisiteness". It is famous for its unique artistic charm. world. Today's Yangzhou jade carvings are novel in composition, beautiful in shape and exquisite in workmanship. Among them, the "mountain carving" and "living live" skills are unique, showing the exquisite skills of Yangzhou jade carving artists. Today's Yangzhou jade art masters have inherited the traditional Yangzhou jade carving masters in an all-round way, and are determined to innovate. In practice, they follow the rigorous craftsmanship of "measuring materials, materials and techniques", and constantly improving the "phase jade" in light of the requirements of the times. The ability and the craftsmanship have created a large number of products with novel composition, beautiful shape and exquisite workmanship. Their "mountain carving" and "living live" skills are unique, showing the exquisite craftsmanship of Yangzhou jade carving. The main descendants of Yangzhou jade carvings now include Huang Yongshun, Gu Yongjun, Jiao Yiming, Liu Yuhua, Li Xiaowei, Jiang Chunyuan, Xia Linbao, Wang Dehai and so on. The enterprises engaged in jade production in Yangzhou generally face high cost (the price of jade is rising year by year), high cost and high taxation, and it is extremely difficult to survive. The raw materials for Yangzhou jade carving processing are mainly from Xinjiang, and the price of raw materials is now much higher than before. At the same time, jade carving is a manual operation, and the production cycle is long. Because of the great effort and effort required for the study of jade carving skills, the creators have their own creativity and thinking in the process of carving. The pay is not commensurate with the reward, the jade carving is not as good as carving the radish in the restaurant, so many young people are not willing to engage in the study of jade carving skills, and the jade carving skills are lacking. The reasons for these two aspects directly lead to the loss of the number of existing technicians. Young people are reluctant to learn and engage in this craft. Yangzhou jade carving skills are lacking in people, and they need to be protected and rescued. The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20, 2006, the estate was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage. On June 5, 2007, determined by the Ministry of Culture, Jiang Chunyuan and Gu Yongjun of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, were representative inheritors of the cultural heritage project and were included in the first batch of 226 representative inheritances of national intangible cultural heritage projects. List of people. Nanyang jade carving After jade carving artists and science and technology workers excavated and sorted out traditional techniques and learned from other places, the craftsmanship of Nanyang jade carvings continued to improve, gradually forming their own unique artistic style, known for their flexibility and color. Wu Yuanquan, chairman, general manager and senior craft artist of Nanyang Tuobao Jade Co., Ltd., said that because of the rich color of the jade, both the shade and the color, the stone is often mixed. This requires the sculptor to consider the whole thing. It is necessary to have a wonderful layout concept and to use various colors to make the whole work interesting and interesting, so that the viewer can't help but slap the case. Nanyang jade carving made "Wolong Mountain", using the characteristics of rich jade, rich and fresh, rigorous layout, clever use of color, fine carving, imposing, it weighs 3.8 tons, 2.5 meters long, 1.6 meters high, is China At present, the largest giant jade carving is a rare art treasure. The five-ring furnace and flower scent made with the selected Dushan jade absorb the characteristics of ancient bronzes and other handicrafts, creating a multi-layered ball-flowering scented yellow, quaint and dignified, artistically crafted, and exhibited in France. At the meeting, it won wide acclaim. Nanyang people in the jade carving processing, the selection of raw materials is very rich, in addition to the unique jade from Liaoning jade, Burma jade, Afghan white jade, Canadian jasper, Russian white jade and coral, agate, hibiscus stone, crystal stone, amethyst, red More than 150 jade species such as sapphire. Indeed, the jade carving industry, which has survived the millennium and flourished, has formed a rich, profound and profound Nanyang jade culture, which has nurtured Nanyang jade carving artists from generation to generation, passed down from generation to generation, and exquisitely crafted. The masters of jade carving art of Nanyang continue to introduce, absorb and innovate artistic design carving techniques while inheriting traditional crafts. It is the combination of a long history, profound cultural heritage and unique resources of beautiful jade that makes the art treasure of Nanyang jade carving passed down from generation to generation, and carries forward the fascination. The more than 40 pieces of fine works such as "Wolong Mountain", "Kowloon Rotating Flower", "Luhe Tongchun", "Wanli Great Wall" and "Kowloon" have been awarded national and provincial awards by the masters of Nanyang jade carving art. Many products have been collected as rare treasures by the Palace Museum, art galleries and collectors. The gift of "Kowloon æ™·" is 199cm long, 110cm wide, 80cm high and weighs 500kg. The design style of this gift is novel and unique, ingeniously conceived and ingenious. It uses the unique colors unique to Nanyang Dushanyu, using relief, openwork and hollowing out. A variety of engraving techniques, such as line engraving, make this product line smooth, shape and spirit, and majestic. The nine Panlongs surround the sundial, indicating that the Kyushu Chinese children are closely united and live in harmony, and at the same time express the meaning of the ninety-nine. The whole work symbolizes national unity, national prosperity, and the reunification of the motherland, and expresses the deep feelings of the 90 million people in Henan who welcome the return of Macao. Known as the "Golden Treasure of the Country" and the 3,500 kilograms of jade, "Yushan Dayuhai" is the artifact of the Kublai Khan in the Yuan Dynasty. It is the earliest giant jade carving in Chinese history and the epoch-making art of China. Treasures are also rare masterpieces in the history of the world's gemstones. However, over the past 700 years, its jade materials have been widely debated and failed to be identified. Recently, the China Baoyu Stone Culture High-level Forum hosted by the Chinese Traditional Culture Promotion Association of the Ministry of Culture and the Asian Jewelry Federation was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. In the forum, after more than 20 well-known jade archaeology and collection experts in China carefully observed and studied, and repeated comparison and identification with the samples of Dushan jade mine in Nanyang, it was confirmed that it was produced in the Yuan Dynasty and is now displayed in Beijing Beihai Park. The jade material of Lushan Dayuhai is Nanyang Dushan jade. At this point, a "old-fashioned case" was hammered. Cosmetic Tube,Plastic Soft Tube,Plastic Tube Feiyi Cosmetic Trading Co., Ltd. , http://www.stfycosmetic.com