High-efficiency cultivation techniques of Chinese cabbage in autumn

Cabbage is one of the main vegetable categories in the Huanghuai River Basin in the autumn. It is of great significance to ensure that the cultivation of Chinese cabbage has a guaranteed market supply and stabilizes the market price. The main cultivation measures are as follows.

 

First, the plot selection

 

The field of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, radish, and small green vegetables has not been planted for three years, and the soil is fertile, the plough layer is deep, the drainage is good, and irrigation conditions are available.

 

The field of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, radish, and small green vegetables has not been planted for three years, and the soil is fertile, the plough layer is deep, the drainage is good, and irrigation conditions are available.

 

The field of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, radish, and small green vegetables has not been planted for three years, and the soil is fertile, the plough layer is deep, the drainage is good, and irrigation conditions are available.

 

Second, the variety selection

 

Choose high-yield, disease-resistant, adaptable varieties, such as Feng Kang 70 , Feng Kang 80 , Qin Bai No. 2 and so on.

 

Choose high-yield, disease-resistant, adaptable varieties, such as Feng Kang 70 , Feng Kang 80 , Qin Bai No. 2 and so on.

 

Choose high-yield, disease-resistant, adaptable varieties, such as Feng Kang 70 , Feng Kang 80 , Qin Bai No. 2 and so on.

 

Third, the cultivation period

 

Yellow River Basin generally Aug. 10 ---- 20 nursery, September 1 ---- transplanting 10th, live on Aug. 15 ---- 25.

 

Fourth, land preparation

 

The whole land was carried out one week before planting, and 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer was applied per 667 square meters , and 50 kg of compound fertilizer containing 15%-15%-15% of potassium sulfate type N--P--K . Deep-plowing and fine-graining, so that the fertilizer and soil are fully mixed, and the sorghum is 20 cm high , 80 cm wide and 30 cm wide. The surface of the ditch is required to be flat, and the depth and width of the ditch are uniform. If the ditch is used, the length of the ditch does not exceed 30 meters. If the soil is dry, pour water through the soil after the soil preparation.

 

The whole land was carried out one week before planting, and 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer was applied per 667 square meters , and 50 kg of compound fertilizer containing 15%-15%-15% of potassium sulfate type N--P--K . Deep-plowing and fine-graining, so that the fertilizer and soil are fully mixed, and the sorghum is 20 cm high , 80 cm wide and 30 cm wide. The surface of the ditch is required to be flat, and the depth and width of the ditch are uniform. If the ditch is used, the length of the ditch does not exceed 30 meters. If the soil is dry, pour water through the soil after the soil preparation.

 

The whole land was carried out one week before planting, and 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer was applied per 667 square meters , and 50 kg of compound fertilizer containing 15%-15%-15% of potassium sulfate type N--P--K . Deep-plowing and fine-graining, so that the fertilizer and soil are fully mixed, and the sorghum is 20 cm high , 80 cm wide and 30 cm wide. The surface of the ditch is required to be flat, and the depth and width of the ditch are uniform. If the ditch is used, the length of the ditch does not exceed 30 meters. If the soil is dry, pour water through the soil after the soil preparation.

 

5. Sowing and transplanting

 

Direct seeding can be directly sown, two rows per line, line spacing 50 cm, first use a small plow to open shallow ditch, sprinkle cabbage seeds into, shallow cover soil, practical, with a seed amount of 150-200 grams per 667 square meters . If the seedlings are raised, the seedlings are 100 grams per 667 square meters and the nursery area is 60 square meters. Generally, it can be emerged in 3 days. The seedling age is 15-20 days. When the seedling grows to 4--5 leaves, the transplanting is carried out. The plant spacing is 60 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the seedlings are 2,000 square meters per 667 square meters . After planting, pour water once. Live field and time seedlings, the first time seedlings are carried out in a large leaf of cabbage seedlings, remove seedlings, insect seedlings, weak seedlings, keep the seedling distance 10 cm, seedlings grow to 2 large leaves to fix seedlings, keep seedling distance 50 -- 60 cm, if the weather is dry after the seedlings, pour water once.

 

Direct seeding can be directly sown, two rows per line, line spacing 50 cm, first use a small plow to open shallow ditch, sprinkle cabbage seeds into, shallow cover soil, practical, with a seed amount of 150-200 grams per 667 square meters . If the seedlings are raised, the seedlings are 100 grams per 667 square meters and the nursery area is 60 square meters. Generally, it can be emerged in 3 days. The seedling age is 15-20 days. When the seedling grows to 4--5 leaves, the transplanting is carried out. The plant spacing is 60 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the seedlings are 2,000 square meters per 667 square meters . After planting, pour water once. Live field and time seedlings, the first time seedlings are carried out in a large leaf of cabbage seedlings, remove seedlings, insect seedlings, weak seedlings, keep the seedling distance 10 cm, seedlings grow to 2 large leaves to fix seedlings, keep seedling distance 50 -- 60 cm, if the weather is dry after the seedlings, pour water once.

 

Direct seeding can be directly sown, two rows per line, line spacing 50 cm, first use a small plow to open shallow ditch, sprinkle cabbage seeds into, shallow cover soil, practical, with a seed amount of 150-200 grams per 667 square meters . If the seedlings are raised, the seedlings are 100 grams per 667 square meters and the nursery area is 60 square meters. Generally, it can be emerged in 3 days. The seedling age is 15-20 days. When the seedling grows to 4--5 leaves, the transplanting is carried out. The plant spacing is 60 cm, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the seedlings are 2,000 square meters per 667 square meters . After planting, pour water once. Live field and time seedlings, the first time seedlings are carried out in a large leaf of cabbage seedlings, remove seedlings, insect seedlings, weak seedlings, keep the seedling distance 10 cm, seedlings grow to 2 large leaves to fix seedlings, keep seedling distance 50 -- 60 cm, if the weather is dry after the seedlings, pour water once.

 

6. Field management

 

After the seedlings are moved to the rosette, pay attention to controlling the water and fertilizer, not to dry or not. If there is heavy rain, drain the sputum in time, then smash the ground. Cabbage into the heart of the bag, combined with water, to recover a fat per 667 square meters with 15 kg of urea + potassium sulfate 10 kg, in conjunction with pest control after dressing, foliar spray boron promoting agent enveloped in packet heart. If the weather is dry and watered in time, keep the soil moist. Enter October, then topdress once, properly control the watering, keep the ground dry and see the wet. Cabbage has been tight in November and can be harvested and listed.

 

After the seedlings are moved to the rosette, pay attention to controlling the water and fertilizer, not to dry or not. If there is heavy rain, drain the sputum in time, then smash the ground. Cabbage into the heart of the bag, combined with water, to recover a fat per 667 square meters with 15 kg of urea + potassium sulfate 10 kg, in conjunction with pest control after dressing, foliar spray boron promoting agent enveloped in packet heart. If the weather is dry and watered in time, keep the soil moist. Enter October, then topdress once, properly control the watering, keep the ground dry and see the wet. Cabbage has been tight in November and can be harvested and listed.

 

After the seedlings are moved to the rosette, pay attention to controlling the water and fertilizer, not to dry or not. If there is heavy rain, drain the sputum in time, then smash the ground. Cabbage into the heart of the bag, combined with water, to recover a fat per 667 square meters with 15 kg of urea + potassium sulfate 10 kg, in conjunction with pest control after dressing, foliar spray boron promoting agent enveloped in packet heart. If the weather is dry and watered in time, keep the soil moist. Enter October, then topdress once, properly control the watering, keep the ground dry and see the wet. Cabbage has been tight in November and can be harvested and listed.

 

Seven, pest control

 

　　 1. Chinese cabbage diseases mainly include downy mildew, soft rot, and viral diseases. Downy mildew mainly affects the leaves, generally starting from the lower leaves, and the primary immersed light brown spots on the back. After the spots last for a while, the white mold grows when the field humidity is high, and the corresponding parts of the back of the leaves appear pale green spots, gradually expanding to Yellowish brown, brown after death. Downy mildew occurs more severely after the cabbage enters the core period. Control methods: ( 1 ) Seed treatment before sowing, seed dressing with 25% metalaxyl WP of 0.3% of seed weight . ( 2 ) It is cultivated with sorghum, which is good for drainage and reduces the humidity in the field. (3), sowing, sowing in August 10 --20 days. ( 4 ), chemical control, sprayed in time after the emergence of diseased plants in the field. Commonly used agents are 70% manganese zinc • Ethyl aluminum wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 72% cream urea • manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 50% dimethomorph wettable powder 800 times liquid, the above agents per Spray once every 7 days, even spray twice, the medicine should be used alternately.

 

　　 1. Chinese cabbage diseases mainly include downy mildew, soft rot, and viral diseases. Downy mildew mainly affects the leaves, generally starting from the lower leaves, and the primary immersed light brown spots on the back. After the spots last for a while, the white mold grows when the field humidity is high, and the corresponding parts of the back of the leaves appear pale green spots, gradually expanding to Yellowish brown, brown after death. Downy mildew occurs more severely after the cabbage enters the core period. Control methods: ( 1 ) Seed treatment before sowing, seed dressing with 25% metalaxyl WP of 0.3% of seed weight . ( 2 ) It is cultivated with sorghum, which is good for drainage and reduces the humidity in the field. (3), sowing, sowing in August 10 --20 days. ( 4 ), chemical control, sprayed in time after the emergence of diseased plants in the field. Commonly used agents are 70% manganese zinc • Ethyl aluminum wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 72% cream urea • manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 50% dimethomorph wettable powder 800 times liquid, the above agents per Spray once every 7 days, even spray twice, the medicine should be used alternately.

 

　　 1. Chinese cabbage diseases mainly include downy mildew, soft rot, and viral diseases. Downy mildew mainly affects the leaves, generally starting from the lower leaves, and the primary immersed light brown spots on the back. After the spots last for a while, the white mold grows when the field humidity is high, and the corresponding parts of the back of the leaves appear pale green spots, gradually expanding to Yellowish brown, brown after death. Downy mildew occurs more severely after the cabbage enters the core period. Control methods: ( 1 ) Seed treatment before sowing, seed dressing with 25% metalaxyl WP of 0.3% of seed weight . ( 2 ) It is cultivated with sorghum, which is good for drainage and reduces the humidity in the field. (3), sowing, sowing in August 10 --20 days. ( 4 ), chemical control, sprayed in time after the emergence of diseased plants in the field. Commonly used agents are 70% manganese zinc • Ethyl aluminum wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 72% cream urea • manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 50% dimethomorph wettable powder 800 times liquid, the above agents per Spray once every 7 days, even spray twice, the medicine should be used alternately.

 

Cabbage soft rot can occur from the rosette period to the core period. The symptoms are that the plants wilted at noon on sunny days, and recovered sooner or later. After a few days, the cabbage wilted and fell to the ground. The brown scum appeared in the rhizome, and the smell was odorous. For bacteria. Control methods: ( 1 ), the implementation of more than three years of rotation. ( 2 ), using sorghum cultivation. ( 3 ), seed treatment, seed dressing with 1--1.5% agricultural anti- 751 seed weight . ( 4 ), chemical control, when the disease occurs in the field, timely spraying, using 72% agricultural streptomycin WP 3000 times solution, or 3% carbendazim WP 800 times solution, or 50% chlorobromo Cyanuric acid wettable powder 1200 times solution, spray once every 7 days, even spray twice, the agent should be used alternately. Cabbage virus disease on the heart of the heart is clear veins or veins chlorotic, resulting in a variety of green mottled or mosaic, the plant is significantly dwarf, can not stand. Control methods: ( 1) , suitable for late broadcast, staggered high temperature and severe season of mites. (2) Strengthening fertilizer and water management, timely watering when the weather is dry, can lower the ground temperature , timely topdressing, enhance the growth of cabbage and improve disease resistance. ( 3 ), chemical control, commonly used pesticides are 20% morpholinium, ethyl copper wettable powder 500 times liquid, or 2% Ningnanmycin water 500 times liquid, or 0.5% mushroom proteoglycan water 300 times Liquid, spray once every 7 days, even spray twice.

 

　　 2 , Chinese cabbage pests are mainly aphids, green insect pests, etc., once found, it is necessary to prevent and control in time. Aphids breed quickly and are seriously harmful. They are mainly chemically controlled. The commonly used agents are 50% anti-Converse WP 1000 times or 10% imidacloprid 1500 times, or 20% fenvalerate 2000 times. Spray once every 7 days and spray twice. The insect pests of the larvae can cause harm in the seedling stage and the ball-forming period of the cabbage. It should be controlled before the heart-wrenching. The commonly used agents are 900 times spray of Bacillus thuringiensis or Bt emulsion , which is better in the evening and cloudy days, or 5% cyhalothrin emulsion 2000 times liquid control, spray once every 7 days, even spray twice.

 

Source: China Agricultural Promotion Network