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Submission:
**Proper Use and Installation of Integrated Orifice Flowmeters**
An integrated orifice flowmeter is a critical device used for sensing, transmitting, and calculating fluid flow. It is commonly applied in industrial environments to measure the flow of saturated steam, superheated steam, compressed air, non-flammable and non-explosive gases, and hot water. This type of flowmeter not only provides flow measurement and display but also supports online automatic control of production processes.
One of the most important precautions when commissioning the flowmeter is to ensure that the pressure lines are filled with water or that high-temperature steam has been properly cooled before operation. This prevents damage to the instrument due to thermal stress or improper pressure conditions.
The straight pipe sections before and after the orifice plate must be smooth and free of obstructions. If the pipe surface is rough, the flow coefficient should be adjusted using a roughness correction factor. A sufficient length of straight pipe must be installed upstream of the orifice element. If the upstream side is an open space or a large container with a diameter of at least 2D, the distance between the container and the orifice should not be less than 30D (or 15D if applicable). If there are other local resistance elements between the orifice and the open space, a minimum of 1D of straight pipe must be maintained between the orifice and those elements. The total length of the straight pipe between flow elements should not be less than 30D (or 15D).
**How to Use an Integrated Orifice Flowmeter Correctly:**
1. **Filling the Pressure Guiding Tubes:**
The pressure guiding system should be filled with cold water as the medium. For high-temperature steam, it's common to use cold water for guidance. When the pipeline is not carrying steam, open the valve, pressure valve, and balance valve while closing the drain valve. Inject cold water directly from the condensate tank until the system is fully filled. Alternatively, you can close the balancing and pressure valves, then open the primary valve to introduce high-temperature steam and allow it to cool gradually into water. However, this method is rarely used due to the risk of damaging the meter from excessive heat.
**Important Note:** When measuring high-temperature steam, never start the flowmeter if the pressure guiding tubes are not filled with water or if the temperature is too high. For compressed air and cold water, the medium itself can be used directly.
2. **Exhausting the Differential Pressure Transmitter:**
After filling the pressure guiding tubes with water, some gas may accumulate in the differential pressure transmitter’s pressure chamber, which can affect accuracy. To resolve this, loosen the bolts on the bottom of the positive and negative pressure chambers. In most cases, a newly commissioned system does not require draining. Ensure the pilot line system is leak-free, close all valves, and prepare for operation.
For more information on flow measurement techniques and best practices, visit [http://news.chinawj.com.cn](http://news.chinawj.com.cn)
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