How to distinguish the toxicity of pesticides?
Pesticides vary in their level of toxicity, and their harmfulness is closely related to their chemical structure, susceptibility to hydrolysis, photochemical reactions, redox processes, and interactions with substances in the human body. Based on their toxicity levels, pesticides can be classified into five categories: microtoxic, low-toxic, poisonous, highly toxic, and extremely toxic.
So, how can you determine the toxicity of a pesticide? The China Pesticide Network has compiled this guide to help you understand better.
**Toxicity Classification of Pesticides**
1. **Microtoxic Pesticides**
These are the least harmful. Their median lethal dose (LD50) is above 5000 mg/kg. Examples include carbendazim, chlorothalonil, ethyl aluminum phosphate, zinc, benomyl, simazine, and others. When purchasing pesticides for controlling pests, diseases, weeds, or rodents, it's essential for flower growers to understand the toxicity of the products they buy and to follow instructions carefully under professional guidance.
2. **Low-Toxic Pesticides**
Their LD50 ranges from 501 to 5000 mg/kg. Common examples include trichlorfon, dichlorvos, malathion, phoxim, acephate, metolachlor, glyphosate, thiophanate, trifluralin, bentazon, and more. These are considered relatively safer but still require proper handling.
3. **Poisonous Pesticides**
With an LD50 between 101 and 500 mg/kg, these are moderately dangerous. Examples include dimethoate, yu shan, kui wei wei, dieldrin, 402, and some pyrethroid compounds.
4. **Highly Toxic Pesticides**
These have an LD50 of 51 to 100 mg/kg. Examples include carbofuran, fluoroacetamide, cyanide, 401, zinc phosphide, aluminum phosphide, and arsenic. They pose significant health risks and should be used with extreme caution.
5. **Extremely Toxic Pesticides**
With an LD50 of 1 to 50 mg/kg, these are the most dangerous. Examples include monocrotophos, phosphoramide, methamidophos, Suhua 203, and 3911. These should only be handled by trained professionals.
Understanding pesticide toxicity is crucial for safe use. Always refer to official guidelines and consult experts before applying any pesticide. For more information on pesticide standards and regulations, visit the China Pesticide Network. Stay informed and stay safe!
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