On March 17, a meeting of the 13th National People's Congress voted on the decision of the State Council's institutional reform program and approved the plan. On the afternoon of the same day, a press conference was held at the Press Center of the 13th National People's Congress. The Minister of Environmental Protection, Li Ganjie, answered questions from Chinese and foreign journalists on issues related to "striking the battle against pollution." The reporter of "Daily Economic News" felt at the press conference that the reporters raised their hands and asked questions. Among them, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, which was required to be established in the institutional reform plan of the State Council, became the focus of media attention. Li Ganjie believes that the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has “five openes” to unify the original scattered pollution prevention and ecological protection responsibilities: the first is to open up the ground and underground; the second is to open up the shore and the water; the third is The land and the sea have been opened; the fourth is to open up the city and the countryside; the fifth is to open up carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which is to unify the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution and climate change. Li said: "Next, we must conscientiously according to central planning and requirements, implement the reform program after the reform, give us a tough fight lay the pollution prevention and control, strengthen environmental protection to create better conditions." Resolve overlapping responsibilities and duplication with the issue of environmental protection has intensified, management authority in some areas of cross-cutting issues become increasingly prominent in recent years, the voice of the Ministry of environmental Protection about a "super-ministries" reform backlash. The establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will be more clear in terms of responsibilities and management will be more precise, which will play a positive role in promoting the ecological environmental protection work. The State Council's institutional reform program requires the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Responsibilities of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission's responsibility for climate change and emission reduction, the supervision of the Ministry of Land and Resources to prevent groundwater pollution, the water function division of the Ministry of Water Resources, the management of sewage disposal, and the responsibility of watershed environmental protection. The supervision of the Ministry of Agriculture guides the responsibility of agricultural non-point source pollution control, the marine protection responsibility of the State Oceanic Administration, the environmental protection responsibilities of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project Area of ​​the Office of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project Construction Committee of the State Council, and the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment as a department of the State Council. At the same time, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has retained the National Nuclear Safety Administration's brand. Its main responsibilities are to formulate and organize the implementation of eco-environmental policies, plans and standards, to be responsible for ecological environment monitoring and law enforcement, to supervise and manage pollution prevention, nuclear and radiation safety, and to organize central environmental protection inspectors. The institutional reform plan of the State Council also clarifies that the Ministry of Environmental Protection is no longer retained. Li Ganjie believes that this program clearly integrates all the duties of the Ministry of Environmental Protection with the responsibilities of the other six departments, and establishes a new Ministry of Ecology and Environment to uniformly exercise the duties of pollution and environmental law enforcement in the ecological and urban areas. He said that this reform is a major measure for the Party Central Committee to achieve the overall goal of deepening reform, and it is a concrete action to reflect the development of the people-centered development. It is to promote the ecological environment, the construction of ecological civilization, the modernization of governance system and the modernization of governance capabilities. A profound change and great progress. Change the status quo of environmental protection “Jiulong Water Control ” According to the previous departmental setup, in the environmental protection of the river basin, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Water Resources have functions. In the aspect of soil pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Land and Resources have functional divisions; The boundaries between powers and responsibilities of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the State Oceanic Administration are not clear. In addition, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the National Development and Reform Commission have responded to climate change and emission reduction, and the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Agriculture have some overlaps in agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control. It is precisely because of the overlapping of regulatory duties with other departments, the Ministry of Environmental Protection has faced a relatively embarrassing situation. Li Ganjie pointed out that for a long time, in the field of ecological environmental protection in China, there are two outstanding problems in the system and mechanism: the first is the overlapping of duties, the overlapping of bed houses, the water management of Kowloon, the multi-head management, and the responsibility for the accident is unclear; Second, the regulators and owners are not well separated. They are both athletes and referees. Some referees are independent and their authority and effectiveness are not strong. Li Ganjie said, "This time the reform plan, I feel that these two problems have been solved very well. From the perspective of the owner, it has been completely opened up. The landscape of Lintian Lake is unified. Everyone pays attention to the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. From the perspective of the regulator, he unified it.” Li Ganjie pointed out that when the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee deliberated and adopted the decision to deepen reform, it emphasized that the reform of the ecological civilization system must conform to the ecological systemicity, that is, people and Nature is a concept of a community of life. "The lifeblood of man is in the field, the lifeblood of the field is in the water, the lifeblood of the water is in the mountains, the lifeblood of the mountain is in the soil, and the lifeblood of the earth is in the tree. If the tree is planted only by the tree, the water control only controls the water, and the protection of the field only protects the field. Tian, ​​it is easy to take care of this, and the ecology will inevitably be systematically damaged.” Li Ganjie said that the reform of the ecological civilization system also emphasizes the point that the owners and managers should be separated, and the owners and managers should be independent and cooperative. Mutual supervision. This time the reforms have implemented the above requirements very well. In fact, in recent years, the industry has also been emphasizing the unification of environmental supervision functions. An expert told the reporter of "Daily Economic News" that through the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the responsibilities of relevant departments will be integrated, which will form a good management synergy and effectively solve the problem of departmental coordination costs brought about by multiple administrations. In the next step, the promotion of ecological and environmental protection related work will be more efficient and powerful.

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