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As spring approaches, the sight of blooming flowers fills the heart with warmth. Are you dreaming of turning your home into a cozy little spring haven? If so, this guide is perfect for beginners who want to learn how to grow and care for flowers.
First, let's talk about the pot. It's best to use a clay pot for planting. Clay pots are known for their excellent air circulation and drainage, which helps plants grow faster, especially annual flowering plants. The tiny pores in clay allow moisture and air to circulate, creating the ideal environment for healthy root development. On the other hand, glazed pots like stone or porcelain are more durable and visually appealing, but they retain moisture longer, making them less suitable for plants that prefer drier conditions. Plastic pots are also popular due to their lightweight and colorful designs, making them great for hanging plants like spider plants. However, they don’t drain as well, so it’s important to be careful with watering.
Next, soil is the foundation of successful flower growing. Most flowers thrive in organic or acidic soils rich in nutrients. You can either buy pre-made potting soil or mix your own. A simple mix for general potted plants could be 1 part humus soil, 1 part garden soil, and half a part of sand or ash. For acid-loving plants like camellias, rhododendrons, and jasmine, you might use more natural humus soil. Foliage plants benefit from a mix of 2 parts humus soil, 2 parts compost, and 1 part sand, plus 5% decomposed manure. Epiphytic cacti and succulents need a different blend: 3 parts humus soil, 3 parts coarse sand, and 1 part ash. For plants that prefer slightly acidic soil, a mix of 4 parts humus soil, 2 parts garden soil, and 2 parts sand works well.
Watering is one of the most crucial aspects of plant care. The key rule is "don’t overwater, but water thoroughly when needed." Different plants have different water requirements. Plants like cineraria and primrose like moist conditions, while others like succulents and cacti prefer drier soil. During the growing season, especially when plants are flowering, regular watering is essential. In winter, reduce watering during dormancy. In spring, gradually increase water as temperatures rise, and in summer, water more frequently since the soil dries out faster. Rainwater is ideal for watering, but if using tap water, let it sit for a day or two to allow chlorine to evaporate before using it.
Fertilizing is another important step. Organic fertilizers, such as decomposed bean cake or rapeseed meal, are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Inorganic options like urea or potassium phosphate are also available. Grass ash is an alkaline fertilizer that contains iron, calcium, and magnesium. If your plants show signs of nutrient deficiency—such as pale leaves, stunted growth, or small flowers—it’s time to fertilize. Apply diluted fertilizer every 15 days, but avoid over-fertilizing. The best times to fertilize are during the growing season, after repotting, or one month after flowering. Avoid fertilizing during dormancy or when the plant is in full bloom.
Finally, pests and diseases are common in spring and summer, especially between April and June. Prevention is better than cure. Regularly inspect your plants, and if you spot any insects, gently brush them off with a soft brush and dispose of them properly. Don’t throw them away where they can spread. Spraying is most effective on sunny, windless days. By staying proactive, you can keep your plants healthy and thriving all year round.