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Key Factors Influencing the Degreasing Process
The effectiveness of a degreasing agent largely depends on three main factors: mechanical action, degreasing time, and temperature. Understanding how these elements work together can significantly improve the quality of the cleaning process.
Mechanical Action
Mechanical force plays a crucial role in the degreasing process. Methods like pressure spraying or agitation help the degreasing agent penetrate into the surface of the part, breaking down oil films and allowing the contaminants to be removed more effectively. This action also helps emulsify and disperse the oil within the solution, preventing it from re-adhering to the cleaned surface. When using spray methods, fresh degreasing solution is applied directly, ensuring even coverage and better contact with the surface. In low and medium-temperature degreasing, mechanical action becomes even more essential. For example, pressure injection can often clean twice as fast as immersion methods.
Degreasing Time
The duration of the degreasing process also has a direct impact on its success. Extending the time that the degreasing solution remains in contact with the oil increases the efficiency of the cleaning. It's important to allow sufficient time for the solution to act, especially when dealing with heavy oil buildup. Typically, pressure degreasing takes about 1.5 to 3 minutes, while immersion methods may require 3 to 5 minutes, depending on the type and amount of contamination. The more oil present, the longer the process needs to be.
Degreasing Temperature
Temperature is another critical factor in the degreasing process. Higher temperatures generally lead to more effective cleaning due to several reasons.
First, increased temperature enhances the movement of surfactant molecules, improving their ability to penetrate, emulsify, and disperse oils. It also increases the solubility of dirt in the solution. However, each degreasing agent has an optimal temperature range. If the temperature is too high, some surfactants may precipitate, forming droplets that stick to the surface and interfere with subsequent processes like phosphating.
Second, higher temperatures accelerate chemical reactions. On average, every 10°C increase in temperature doubles the reaction rate, which means the cleaning process becomes faster and more efficient.
Third, temperature affects the physical properties of the oil. For instance, high-melting-point greases or solid paraffin are difficult to remove at lower temperatures, even with strong alkaline solutions. But when the temperature rises, the oil becomes less viscous, making it easier to break down and wash away.
[Article source: Hefei Xianghe Phosphate Coating Co., Ltd. http://]