Orchard grass covered improved fertility soil

Orchard grass covering technology is a soil management technology that can improve soil fertility, improve ecological environment and improve fruit quality. The main benefits are:

One is to prevent or reduce soil erosion. After planting grass, the soil aggregate structure is improved, the large particle size is increased, and the soil cohesion is enhanced. The second is to improve the soil and improve soil fertility. Orchard grass and timely burying into the soil can improve soil organic matter, improve soil structure, increase soil nutrients, and create a nutrient-rich, porous and porous root environment for fruit tree root growth. The third is to promote the ecological balance of the orchard. The population and number of parasitic natural enemies such as predatory natural enemies and parasitic wasps such as ladybugs, grasshoppers, scorpion flies and spiders are increased, and the ability to use natural enemies to control pest occurrence and mites is significantly enhanced. The fourth is to optimize the microclimate of the orchard. Orchard planting can reduce the temperature of the soil and change the seasonal variation, which is beneficial to the root growth and nutrient absorption of fruit trees. The fifth is to inhibit weed growth. Red, white clover, Bahia grass, ryegrass, etc. are highly competitive, and can effectively inhibit the growth of various weeds after Chengping, with an inhibition rate of 55%-70%. The sixth is to promote the development of tourism agriculture. With the development of sightseeing and leisure agriculture, farmhouse music is deeply loved by consumers. When the fruit trees bloom in spring, the grass orchard is already green, adding a layer of beauty; when the fruit is full of branches, the orchard with white clover is full of red and white flowers, like the summer night, the stars are a little bit pleasing; even the flowers Thanks, the fruit is harvested, and the grass orchard is still green, making the fruit industry not light in the off-season and more prosperous in the peak season.

The orchard grass covering technology is now mainly covered by artificial grass, and the following aspects should be paid attention to in the application of artificial grass technology:

Choose the right grass. The selection of grass species should follow the principles of cold tolerance and drought tolerance, the principle of resistance to negativeness, the principle of resistance to trampling, the principle of rooting, and the principle of ecological compatibility. Appropriate species suitable for orchards in Beijing include: legumes, such as white clover, alfalfa, shadavan, grass rhinoceros, and arborvitae; gramineae, such as duckweed, bromegrass, and early maturity Wo, ryegrass, etc.; cruciferous, such as February Lan.

Planting time and method. Generally, grass is planted in the spring of March-April or autumn from September to October, and it is suitable for sowing in spring and suitable for spreading in autumn. After leveling the land, water is poured once in the first half of the sowing of the grass to induce the weed seeds to sprout out of the soil, and then spray the herbicide that degrades in a short period of time, such as gram, etc., and then water again after 10 days to remove the residual weeding. The agent is leached and then the grass seeds are sown. The amount of sowing depends on the grass, ryegrass, fescue, etc. 2.5-3 kg / mu; white clover, alfalfa and other legumes 1-1.5 kg / mu.

Grass field management. In the growing season of grass, fertilization is required. One or two times a year, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, using spraying or foliar spraying method, applying 10-20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu per year. After the grass grows, it should be castrated in time according to the growth situation. In the first year of planting grass, it is best not to cut in the first few months. When the grass roots are stable and the height is about 30 cm, the castration begins. The height of the grass after castration is about 10 cm, and the castration is 3-5 times throughout the year. The number of castrations with fast grass growth is high, and vice versa.

The grass is turned over and the fertilization is updated. After 3-5 years of grass production, the grass begins to age. At this time, it should be turned over in time. Pay attention to turning the surface organic matter into the soil. When turning over, the side of the fruit tree should be shallowed to avoid hurting the roots.

(Zhao Yongzhi)