News Related Keywords: earthquake survival manual

Aftershocks are likely to be aftershocks, and the location of the aftershocks is not necessarily a very close source. So learning to save itself is one of the most important measures after the earthquake.
When an earthquake strikes, it is crucial to have a clear-headed mind and a calm, self-possessed attitude. Only sedation can be used to determine the magnitude and distance of earthquakes using the earthquake knowledge that is usually learned. The near-shock often starts with a bump above, and then it swings around. The far-sightedness is less of a bumpy sensation, and it is dominated by swinging, and the sound is crisp and the vibration is small. Generally small earthquakes and far-away earthquakes do not have to escape.
The latest self-help advice: Do not hide under the table In the Ten Seismic Handbooks of Japan, the first one clearly reads, "We must hide under strong furniture." Therefore, Japanese teachers firmly believe that the best way is to "hidden under the table." The idea was that the Japanese earthquake would end in dozens of seconds and the ceiling would not fall.
When the ceiling of a building collapses due to a strong earthquake, furniture such as tables and beds will be destroyed. If anyone hides in it, the consequences will be disastrous. If people hide in the low position next to the furniture, the furniture can be subject to the strength of the collapsed item first, and let the people beside it. Get the living space.
When an earthquake hits the car, we must also leave the car as quickly as possible. Many people who lost their lives in the parking lot during the earthquake were crushed to death in the car. The people between the two cars did not hurt. When a strong earthquake occurs, if you are in a parking lot, do not leave it in the car so that the smashed ceiling will flatten the car and cause injury. You should lie in the prone position beside the car. The falling ceiling will be pressed on the car. A direct impact on the person may form a "living space" and increase the chance of survival.
[School Shock]
1. When you are on the playground or outdoors, you can keep your head down and protect your head with your hands, taking care to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects.
2, do not go back to the classroom.
3, the organization should be evacuated after the earthquake.
4, do not jump! Do not stand outside the window! Do not go to the balcony!
[Home Shock]
1. The earthquake warning time is short, and the indoor suspension is more realistic. The triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe place where people can survive. It can be called a shock-absorbing space. This mainly refers to the space formed by the bulk collapsed body and the support.
2, where the indoor easy to form a triangular space is:
Underneath, strong furniture near;
Inner wall wall and corner;
Kitchen, toilets, storage rooms and other small spaces.
Shocks in public places should be obeyed by the commanders of the field staff. Do not panic. Do not hold to the exit. Avoid crowding. Avoid people and avoid being pushed into walls or fences.
In theatres, stadiums, etc.:
Pay attention to avoid pendants, electric fans and other hanging objects;
Protect the head with a schoolbag;
After the earthquake was over, he followed the staff's command and evacuated in an organized manner.
In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways, etc.:
Choose strong counters, merchandise (such as low furniture, etc.) or pillars, and internal corners, etc., squat down and protect your head with your hands or other things; avoid glass doors, windows, glass windows, or counters; avoid tall and unstable Or put shelves for heavy objects and fragile products; avoid billboards, chandeliers, and other towering or hanging objects.
In an electric car:
Grasp the armrests to avoid falling or bumping; Lower your center of gravity and hide near your seat.
Get off the car after the earthquake.
[Outdoor shock absorber]
Choose shock absorbers in an open place:
Take down or squat down to avoid falling;
Do not run around and avoid places where there are many people;
Do not return home indoors.
Avoid tall buildings or structures:
Buildings, especially those with glass walls;
Cross street bridges and overpasses;
High chimney and water tower.
Avoid dangerous objects, towering or hanging objects:
Transformers, telephone poles, street lights, etc.
Billboards, cranes, etc.
Avoid other dangerous places:
Narrow streets;
Dangerous houses, dangerous walls;
Daughter's wall, high door face, under the awning;
Tiles, wood and other things stacked.
[workshop worker shock absorber]
Workers in the workshop can hide under cars, machine tools, and larger equipment. Don't panic and run. Workers in special positions should first close the flammable, explosive and poisonous gas valves, reduce the temperature and pressure of high-temperature and high-pressure pipelines in time, and shut down the operating equipment. . Most of the personnel can withdraw from the work site. Under the premise of safety protection, a small number of personnel remain on site to monitor dangerous situations at any time, deal with possible accidents in time, and prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters.
Emergency shock absorbers for vehicles traveling during an earthquake (1) The driver should decelerate as soon as possible and gradually brake;
(2) The passengers (especially on the train) should use their hands to firmly grasp the handles, columns or seats, and take care to prevent the luggage from falling off the frame and hurting the person. The person facing the driving direction should keep his arm to the front seat. On the chair cushion, protect the face, the body tends to the channel, and protect the head with both hands. The person in the direction of driving back should protect both hands with the back of the head, and raise the knee to protect the abdomen, tighten the body and make a defensive posture.
[Emergency shock absorbers for earthquakes in buildings]
Once an earthquake occurs, it is important to maintain a clear-headed, calm mind, and to determine the vibration situation in a timely manner. It is extremely important not to jump off buildings in panic. Second, it can be avoided under solid furniture or corners, or it can be transferred to a kitchen or toilet where there are many load-bearing walls. Because of the strong combination of these areas, especially after the pipeline has been processed, it has good support and a large earthquake resistance coefficient. In short, the earthquake can be based on the layout of the building and indoor conditions, assess the situation, find safe space and access to avoid, reduce casualties.
【Emergency shock absorbers shocked at stores】
When a department store encounters an earthquake, it needs to be calm. As the staff panic and the goods are falling, the evacuation channel may be blocked. At this time, you should hide near the big pillars and big commodities (avoiding the goods display cabinet), or avoid the obstacle-free passage, and then bend your knees and wait for the earthquake to subside. In the upstairs position, it is better to shift to the bottom floor in principle. However, stairs are often the weakest part of a building's earthquake resistance. Therefore, it is important to look for the right time to escape. The waiter must organize the people to evade the area and safely evacuate after the earthquake.
【Three strategies for high-rise shock absorbers】
Strategy 1: Keep calm during the earthquake and go outdoors after the earthquake. This is an international universal code for shock absorbers. Many examples of earthquakes at home and abroad show that people are most likely to be killed or injured when entering or leaving a building during the brief moment of an earthquake. Therefore, experts cautioned that indoor shock conditions are good, we must first select the indoor suspension. If the building is poor in earthquake resistance, run out of the room as much as possible.
According to relevant national standards, residential buildings in Beijing should have the ability to resist earthquake damage with an intensity of 8 degrees. Don't panic when the earthquake strikes. Keep your vision and mobility to the camera. In particular, keep in mind that do not stay in bed; do not run to the balcony; do not go to the crowded places such as corridors; do not jump; do not use the elevator, if the earthquake should be left in the elevator as soon as possible, if the door cannot be opened Hold your head down. In addition, it is necessary to immediately extinguish the fire and prevent the electric shock and the occurrence of fire.
Strategy 2: The position of the shock absorber is crucial. If you live in a building, you can use the layout of the building and the indoor conditions to assess the situation and find a safe space to avoid. It is best to find a place that can form a triangular space.è¹² It is safer beside the heating system, the heating capacity is larger, and the network structure and elasticity of the metal pipes are not easily torn. Even when the earthquake is greatly shaken, it is not easy to be thrown out; the heating pipe is well ventilated and does not easily cause personnel Asphyxiation; retention of water in the pipeline can also extend the survival period. More importantly, the trapped people can use the way of hitting the heating pipes to convey information to the outside world, and the location of the heating on the outer wall is conducive to the fastest rescue.
What needs special attention is that, when hiding in a small room like the kitchen or bathroom, try to stay away from stoves, gas pipes and fragile dishes. If the kitchen or toilet is in the corner of the building and the partition wall is a thin wall, do not choose it as the best place for shock absorbers. In addition, do not enter the cabinet or box, because once the person immediately loses mobility after drilling, vision is blocked, limbs are tied, not only miss the chance of escape is not conducive to be saved; lying position is not good, the human body With an increase in the area of ​​the plane, the probability of being hit is 5 times greater than that of standing, and it is difficult to maneuver.
Strategy 3: Not close to the fire near the water, not relying on the outside. This is an important principle to ensure timely assistance from others in the earthquake disaster in the city. Do not go near gas stoves, gas pipes and household appliances; do not choose the inner position of the building, try to be close to the outside wall, but do not hide under the windows; try to be close to the water source; once trapped, try to contact with the outside world, in addition to using mobile phones. In addition, the pipes and radiators can be tapped and the flashlight can be turned on.
[Home Shock Tips]
1. Seize the time to avoid danger. If you feel that the shaking is very light, it means that the source is far away. Just hide behind a solid piece of furniture. From the beginning of the earthquake to the end of the vibration process, the time is not more than ten seconds to several tens of seconds. Therefore, it is the most critical to seize the time for shock, and do not delay the time.
2. Choose a suitable suspension space. The indoor safer shock absorbers include the wall and corners of the bearing wall, water pipes, and heating pipes. The most unfavorable places for shocks in the house are: beds with no support; ceilings, chandeliers; unsupported floors; glass (including mirrors) and large windows.
3. Do your own protection. First of all, to calm down, choose to squat or sit down after a good evasion, face down, forehead on the arms; or grab a solid object around the table legs, so as to avoid falling or displacement due to loss of control Injury; protect the head and neck, lower the head, cover the head or the back of the neck with your hands; protect the eyes, lower your head, close your eyes to prevent foreign body injuries; protect the mouth and nose, and when possible, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. To prevent dust, toxic gas.
【Self-rescue after the earthquake】
When an earthquake is buried under the rubble, there is only a very small space around you. You must not panic, be composure, establish confidence in your existence, and believe that someone will come to save you and try to protect yourself by all means.
After the earthquake, there are often many aftershocks and the situation may continue to deteriorate. In order to avoid new injuries, we must try our best to improve our environment. At this point, if the emergency bag is at your side, it will help you out of danger.
In this extremely unfavorable environment, we must first protect the flow of the air, remove debris from the opening and the chest, catch gas and poisonous gas, and use wet clothes and other objects to cover the mouth and nose, and avoid the unstructured collapse of the body. Objects and other objects that are likely to cause falls; expand and stabilize the living space; use bricks, wands, etc. to support the broken walls so as to prevent further deterioration of the environment after the occurrence of aftershocks.
Try to escape from danger. If you can't find a way out of danger, try your best to save your energy. Use rocks to knock out sound-producing objects and send out a cry for help. Do not cry, impatience, or blindness. This will consume a lot of energy and physical strength. Control your emotions or close your eyes and wait for rescue workers to arrive. If you are injured, think about dressing and avoid excessive bleeding.
Sustain life. If you are buried under the rubble for a long time, rescue workers do not arrive, or if you do not hear a call for help, you must think of ways to maintain your own life. Water and food in the shockproof package must be saved. Try to find food and drinking water. Your own urine can also quench your thirst.
[Earthquake rescue]
After the earthquake, the external disaster relief team could not immediately reach the disaster relief site. Under such circumstances, in order to get more people buried under the rubble, they will get precious lives. The people in the disaster area actively invest in mutual relief, which is the most important to reduce the number of casualties. The timely and most effective method also embodies the noble virtues of “saving people in distress”.
Rescue time is timely, the greater the hope of rescue. According to the relevant data, the rescue rate saved by 20 minutes after the earthquake reached more than 98%, the rescue rate saved in an hour after the earthquake dropped to 63%, and the number of asphyxiation deaths accounted for the death toll among those who could not be rescued after 2 hours. 58%. They did not suffocate because of buildings collapsed in the earthquake, but died of suffocation. If they could be rescued in time, they could completely gain their lives. Hundreds of thousands of people were buried in the rubble during the Tangshan earthquake. The people in the disaster-stricken areas regained their lives through self-rescue and mutual rescue. The mutual rescue operations participated by the people in the affected areas played an irreplaceable role in the entire earthquake relief work.
[How to save people]
In accordance with the actual conditions of the post-earthquake environment and conditions, an effective rescue method should be adopted in order to rescue the buryed personnel from the rubble safely.
Through understanding and searching, it was determined that there were people buried in the rubble, the location of their burial pressure was judged, and the rescue signal was transmitted through shouting or tapping into the rubble.
During the rescue process, special attention must be given to the safety of burying personnel. First, the tools used (such as iron rods, hoes, sticks, etc.) should not injure burying personnel; second, do not destroy the supporting conditions around the space where the burying personnel are located, cause new collapses, and make the burying personnel again in distress; The third is to communicate with the closed space of the burying personnel as soon as possible so that the fresh air flows into people. If the dust is too big, the water should be sprayed to reduce the dust so as not to suffocate the burying pressure. The fourth is the long time for burial pressure and it is difficult to rescue it temporarily. Can try to deliver booze people drinking water, food and medicine to maintain their lives.
Before carrying out rescue operations, there must be plans, steps, where to dig, where not to dig, where to use gimmicks, and where to use sticks.
In the past, rescue workers had taken blind actions and collapsed on the roof of the burying person and killed the buried people. Therefore, there must be scientific analysis and actions in the rescue process to receive good rescue results and blind actions. It will often cause new harm to the rescued target.
[rescue and care]
First, the head of the person to be buried shall be exposed from the rubble, and the dust in the nose and mouth shall be cleared to ensure smooth breathing. For those who are seriously injured and cannot leave the burying place by themselves, they should try to remove it carefully. Peripheral burial matter will be lifted by the burying personnel. It is imperative that they be forced to drag hard.
For people who suffer from hunger and thirst, injury, and severe suffocation and who have a longer burial time, they should be covered with dark fabrics after being rescued to avoid strong light stimulation. For wounded persons, according to the severity of injury, bandaging or medical points should be used. Rescue treatment.
【Shock Tips】
When the earthquake is running or hiding, most experts in China believe that: When the earthquake near the evasion, quickly evacuated to a safe place after the earthquake, is a better approach to emergency shock. Shock absorbers should be chosen where the interior is strong, where objects can cover the body (beside), triangles are easy to form, where small and supportive areas are opened, and open and safe areas are located.
The body should take the position:
To be settled down, squat or sit down, try to distort the body, reduce the body's center of gravity.
Hold a solid object such as a table leg.
Protect the head and neck and cover your mouth and nose.
Avoid crowds of people, don't clutter and rush, and don't just point out an open fire because there may be flammable or explosive gases in the air.
How to save yourself after a strong earthquake
1. After the earthquake, you should actively participate in the rescue work. You can put your ears against the wall and hear the voice of survivors.
2. Let the wounded person expose the head first and keep the air unblocked. If there is suffocation, perform artificial respiration immediately.
3. Once buried in pressure, try to avoid the unconsolidated collapsed material above the body and try to use masonry, wooden sticks, etc. to support the broken walls and reinforce the environment.
4. The earthquake occurred in a flash. Anybody should save himself and start another rescue. First save the rescue, then rescue; save first, then rescue.
【How earthquake rumors differ】
1. A correct understanding of the actual level of current earthquake prediction at home and abroad. The current medium- and long-term forecasts for larger time scales have a certain degree of credibility, but the success rate of short-term and impending predictions is still relatively low.
2. It must be made clear that in China, the authority to issue earthquake predictions is not authorized by the government or any other unit or individual to issue earthquake prediction messages. Treating the earthquake rumored to do not believe, not spread, timely reporting.
3. Learn earthquake common sense and eliminate the fear of terror.
At the time of the earthquake, how should family members avoid shocks? Experts suggest that there are three principles:
Principle One: Based on local conditions, the right choice. Whether you live in a bungalow or live in a building. Whether the earthquake occurs during the day or at night, whether the house is strong or not, there is no room for shocks in the room. You are in a position near or far from the door, and whether the outdoors is open and safe.
Principle 2: Resolute action and do not hesitate. Whether or not the shock can be successful, it will not be able to look forward and hesitate when it comes to the moment. If you live in a bungalow, you must act decisively, either avoid it nearby or go out in an emergency. Do not go back and forth.
Principle 3: It must be determined and must not be left out. The ancients recorded in the “Earthquake Record”: “After a sudden change, you can't get out of it, but you have to decide, and you have to cover the nest to finish the egg.” In other words, do not rush out of the room when an earthquake occurs. Instead, it is imperative to find a suitable place for earthquake-rescue by taking the time to survive and take a squat or sit-down approach to wait for the earthquake to pass, so that even if the house collapses, people can remain safe and sound.
[9 Things to Know During an Earthquake]
1. Immediately turn off the fire when shaking, and when there is a fire in the event of a fire, there will be situations where you cannot rely on fire engines to extinguish the fire. Therefore, each of our efforts to turn off the fire and extinguish the fire is an important factor that can minimize the magnitude of the earthquake disaster.
From the usual time, develop the habit of turning off even small earthquakes.
In order not to make the fire a disaster, family members need not say that helping each other between the neighbors will be crucial.
During the earthquake, there were three opportunities to turn off the heat:
The first chance is to immediately greet each other at a moment when the small shaking before the arrival of a large shock is perceived as a small shake: "Earthquake! Quickly turn off the fire!", and shut down the heating stove, gas stove, etc. being used.
The second chance is to turn off the heat when large shaking occurs, and it is dangerous to let the kettle on the gas stove and the kettle above it fall down.
After the big shaking stopped, shouted again: "Turn off the heat! Turn off the heat!" and turn off the heat.
The third chance can be extinguished within 1-2 minutes even if there is a mishap after the fire. In order to be able to extinguish the fire quickly, place fire extinguishers and fire buckets very close to the fire place. 2. Don't panic to run outdoors. After the earthquake, run out of panic and scurry. Broken glass, bricks on the roof, billboards, etc., are falling and lying on the body. It is very dangerous. In addition, precast concrete walls, vending machines, etc. are also in danger of collapsing and should not be near these objects.
3. Open the door to ensure that houses with steel-concrete structures are exported. Due to shaking of the earthquake, doors and windows will be misaligned and doors cannot be opened. There have been instances where someone was enclosed in the house. Please open the door to ensure the exit.
In the meantime, we must first think about how to escape in the event of being locked in the house. Prepare ladders, ropes, etc.
4. When you are outdoors, you must protect your head and avoid dangers. When the earth shakes violently and people stand unsteady, people will have the mentality of supporting and grasping. Most of the posts and walls around them will become objects of support. However, these seemingly solid and solid things are actually dangerous.
In the 1987 Miyagi prefectural earthquake in Japan, due to the collapse of prefabricated concrete walls and posts, many people were killed or injured. Be sure not to evade near concrete prefabricated walls, door posts, etc.
In the bustling streets and buildings, the most dangerous thing is that glass windows, billboards and other objects have fallen and hurt people. Pay attention to protecting your head with your hand or handbag.
In addition, it should also be noted that vending machines tip over wounds.
In the building area, according to the circumstances, it is safer to enter the building to escape.
5. Acting in accordance with the instructions of the staff in department stores and theaters The most frightening thing in department stores, underground shopping centers and other places is the chaos. Please follow the instructions of the store staff and guards.
In terms of earthquakes, underground streets are said to be safer. Even if there is a power outage, the emergency lighting will light up immediately. Please calmly take action.
In the event of a fire, it will be filled with smoke. Take refuge in postures that keep your body down and do absolutely no smoking.
In the event of an earthquake or fire, elevators cannot be used. In the event of an earthquake while boarding the elevator, press all the buttons on each floor of the operation panel. Once stopped, quickly leave the elevator and confirm safety before taking refuge.
Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with devices that regulate operation. When the earthquake occurs, it will automatically move and stop at the nearest floor.
In case of being confined to the elevator, please contact the management office via the dedicated telephone in the elevator for assistance.
6. The car is parked by the side of the road and is prohibited from driving in the controlled area. When a large earthquake occurs, the car will be like a tire, and it will be difficult to control the steering wheel. Must pay full attention to avoiding the intersection and stopping the car by the side of the road. In order not to hinder the evacuation of evacuees and the passage of emergency vehicles, the middle part of the road should be relinquished.
Most of the roads in the downtown area will be completely banned. Pay full attention to the radio of the car radio. If there are policemen nearby, follow their instructions.
When it is necessary to take refuge, in order not to get involved in the fire, please close the window, insert the car key in the car, do not lock the door, and act together with the local people.
7. Be sure to pay attention to landslides, falling cliffs, or tsunami. On the hillside and in steep sloped areas, there is a risk of landslides and falling cliffs. You should evacuate quickly to a safe place.
On the coast, there is a danger of a tsunami. When you sense an earthquake or send out a tsunami warning, pay attention to information such as radios and televisions, and quickly evacuate to a safe place.
8. When you take refuge, you need to walk and carry items. Take evacuation measures when there is at least a limit to the fire caused by the earthquake, the spread of fire, the occurrence of crisis life, and personal safety. As a method of evacuation, as a matter of principle, citizens, disaster prevention organizations, streets, etc. shall be used as a unit. Under the leadership of the person in charge, the police, etc., they should take refuge on foot, and the items they carry should be at a minimum. You must never use your car or bicycle to take refuge.
For patients and other evacuees, local residents’ cooperation and mutual assistance are indispensable. From normal times, it is necessary to negotiate between the neighbors on the way to evacuation beforehand.
9. Don't listen to rumors, don't act rashly. In the event of a major earthquake, people are easily shaken psychologically. To prevent confusion, it is extremely important for everyone to calmly act on the basis of the correct information.
Get the right information from the radio that you carry. I believe information obtained directly from disaster prevention agencies such as the government, police, and firefighting will never believe in irresponsible gossip, and do not act rashly.
【Usual preparations】
1. Are your home safety measures perfectly safe?
The preparations for peacetime are basic to minimize the damage.
Fix and prevent dumping of large wardrobes, sideboards, and refrigerators.
A transparent film or tape is attached to the glass of the kitchen utensils, windows, etc. to prevent the glass from splashing when it breaks.
In order to prevent the cabinet doors from being opened due to the shaking of the earthquake, the contents of the cabinet were dropped out, and hinges were installed on the doors of the cabinets and closets to fix them.
Do not place TVs, vases, etc. in high places.
In order to prevent scattered glass fragments on the ground wounding people, usually prepare a thicker slippers.
Pay attention to the placement of furniture to ensure a safe space.
Give full attention to the management and storage of fire appliances and dangerous goods such as kerosene heaters.
Strengthen the prefabricated concrete wall so that it is not hard to collapse.
2. Are emergency spares ready?
(1) Drinking Water (2) Food, Baby Milk Powder (3) First Aid Medicines (4) Portable Radios, Flashlights, Dry Cells (5) Cash, Valuables (6) Underwear, Towels, Toilet Paper, etc. 3. From normal times, In the event of a major earthquake in the establishment of a cooperative system for mutual assistance between neighbors, it can be expected that huge disasters will be caused in vast areas. In this case, fire engines and ambulances are not always available on call. Therefore, it is necessary to organize exchanges with local residents from the street and other organizations from time to time to establish a mutual assistance and cooperation system for dealing with fires and casualties.
From time to time, the neighbors should negotiate on a cooperation system when there is a matter of time.
Actively participate in the civil disaster prevention organization.
Actively participate in disaster prevention training.
[Prompt emergency preparation]
In the areas where destructive earthquake prediction has been issued, emergency work in the following areas should be done:
1. Prepare imminent emergency materials. After the earthquake, the production and supply of daily necessities such as food and medicine will be affected. Water towers and water pipes are often damaged and water supply is interrupted. In order to survive the initial difficulties in the post-earthquake period, the pre-earthquake community and the family should prepare a certain amount of food, water and daily necessities in order to resolve the urgent need.
2. It is also a big matter to establish the problem of temporary shelters. The house was badly damaged and needed to have a place to stay; aftershocks continued to occur and there was a place to hide. This requires the temporary construction of earthquake proof, fireproof, cold-proof and rainproof sheds. Various kinds of tents can be used, and the small roundhouse for storing grain in the countryside is also a good earthquake-resistant housing.
3. Delineating evacuation sites and transporting dangerous goods: The urban population is dense, and it is difficult for people to quake and evacuation. To ensure the safety of people during the earthquake, the earthquake must be distributed according to the street and district before the earthquake to delimit people's evacuation routes and places. Before the earthquake, flammable, explosive and toxic materials should be transported outside the city for storage.
4. Set up a casualty emergency center in a place with strong earthquake resistance in the city, or set up an emergency center outside the city to prepare beds, medical equipment, lighting equipment, and medicines.
5. Suspension of Public Activities After being notified of the formal impending earthquake prediction, all public places shall suspend their activities, and the audience or customers shall withdraw in an orderly manner; primary and secondary schools may temporarily attend classes outdoors; stations and docks may wait in the open air.
6. Organizing personnel to evacuate and transfer important property If an official imminent warning or notice is received, mobilize and organize the masses to evacuate the house promptly and in an orderly manner. The serious illness being treated should be transferred to a safe place. For a few people who are ideologically paralysed, they must also mobilize to safe areas. The production materials of large livestock and tractors in rural areas should be properly transferred to safe areas before the impending earthquake. Vehicles of institutions and enterprises and institutions should be opened in garages and parked in empty areas in order to play a role in earthquake relief.
7. Preventing the occurrence of secondary disasters Earthquakes may cause serious secondary disasters in cities. In particular, chemical plants and coal gas plants that are prone to secondary earthquake disasters must strengthen their monitoring and management, and should be assigned to guard and guard personnel.
8. Ensure the security of the confidential departments There are many confidential departments and banks in the city. Strengthen security during the earthquake to prevent loss of state-owned assets and confidential leakage. The vehicles of the fire brigade must be out of storage and the firefighters must be ready for launch in order to extinguish the fire in a timely manner and reduce economic losses.
9. Organize rescue teams and reasonably arrange for the production of impending earthquakes. Governments at all levels must organize disaster relief teams (rescue, medical treatment, fire fighting, water supply, electricity supply, communications, etc.) on the spot. When necessary, some factories should suspend production or operate at low load under the unified instructions of the earthquake prevention headquarters.
10. Preparing for Family Earthquake Preparedness Residents in areas where earthquake predictions have been issued must prepare for family earthquake prevention and develop a family earthquake prevention plan to check and remove in time the hidden dangers of adverse earthquake prevention at home.
(1) The inspection and reinforcement of housing shall reinforce the houses that are not conducive to earthquake resistance, and dilapidated buildings that should not be reinforced shall be evacuated. For bulky house decorations such as parapets, high door faces, etc., should be removed.
(2) Reasonably place furniture and articles to fix tall furniture to prevent dumping. The firm furniture should be vacated to prepare for the earthquake; the furniture items should be placed "below and light on," and the hanging objects on the wall should be Take it down to a fixed position to prevent it from falling and wounding people. Clean up the debris and keep the doorway and corridor open. The balcony retaining wall should be cleaned up and the flower pots and debris should be removed. Inflammable, explosive and toxic substances should be placed in a safe place. ;
(3) Prepare necessary shockproof items Prepare a home shockproof package including food, water, emergency lights, simple medicines, ropes, radios, etc., and place them in an easily accessible place.
(4) Conduct family emergency drills for emergency evacuation and evacuation exercises and “one-minute emergency aversion” exercises.

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