The zero-relationship relationship is not a new topic, but in the context of the downturn in the auto market, this topic has once again been heatedly debated as new and old contradictions between vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers have surfaced. It is worth noting that when the industry is discussing the relationship between zero and zero, it is not just the relationship itself, but more of the impact that the zero relationship may have on the automotive supply chain and even the entire automotive industry. As we all know, there are many reasons why China's auto industry is not strong, and the supply chain is not strong. This is an important reason. As the key to the automobile supply chain, the quality of the zero-zero relationship has a profound impact. Frequent domestic zero contradiction From the perspective of these car powers in the United States and Germany, they all have a strong automobile supply chain system. In their respective systems, the cooperation methods between vehicle and parts companies are different, but the same is true. Component companies have a relatively equal, two-way benefit model. The vehicle manufacturers and parts companies under the European and American models are free to choose between each other. The whole vehicle enterprises can propose the demand to the parts and components enterprises for bidding, and the parts and components enterprises to produce as needed. At the same time, component companies can also independently develop new products for the choice of vehicle manufacturers. The advantage of this model is that even if the parts and components enterprises get rid of the constraints of the whole vehicle enterprises, but also let them lose their dependence, they must continue to improve the technical level and maintain their product advantages. Japan uses a hierarchical pyramid supplier system. Under this system, after parts companies join the main vehicle enterprise collaboration network, they can get long-term stable orders. At the same time, major auto companies also hope that parts and components enterprises can supply goods in a stable manner for a long time, and finally form a two-way monopoly model. For this reason, in Japan, major automakers have given their capital and technical support to their parts and components companies in their supply systems. Turning the line of sight to China, although the domestic zero-relationship cannot be generalized, the overall situation is obviously still far behind the developed countries. Although domestic automakers and component suppliers know that they should establish a beneficial strategic partnership between the two parties, in reality, most companies tend to start from their own interests and rarely stand on the other side's standpoint. ? From the current point of view, except for a small number of parts suppliers that have difficulty in being replaced due to their absolute technical advantages, the cooperation relationship between other suppliers and vehicle manufacturers is not stable, such as failure to meet their cost reduction requirements or There are other options for car companies, and the relationship between the two parties may be lifted. The vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers have not established a trust relationship, which makes the conflicts between the two sides frequently erupt. Industry "hidden rules" have long been a drawback Du Daofeng, director of the Parts Department of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said in an interview with Gasshi Automobile. Compared with European and American countries, domestic vehicle manufacturers and parts suppliers are more of a relationship between Party A and Party B. Since there are many parts suppliers available to OEMs, and parts suppliers rely on long-term and stable procurement of vehicle manufacturers to maintain their development, they are often in a relatively weak position. The frequent contradictions in the domestic zero-crossing are due to the unequal relationship between the two parties, especially the "hidden rules" formed by this. It is understood that in order to control costs and save costs, domestic vehicle manufacturers often choose a number of parts suppliers to supply at the same time, and continue to "negotiate", resulting in parts companies in vicious competition. An auto parts supplier said: "Our quotation is already very low, almost a meager profit offer, but there are competitors 20% lower than us. Such competitors are disrupting the market. In the long run, bad money drives out good money. Companies that are motivated can't do it. After all, research and development requires money." In addition, domestic vehicle manufacturers often choose to produce parts or replace suppliers after cooperating with parts companies for a period of time, resulting in many parts and components enterprises unable to mass production after investing a large amount of research and development expenses. In addition, some automakers continue to squeeze the profit margins of component suppliers and even default on accounts payable... Regardless of whether the above-mentioned practices of the whole vehicle enterprise are deliberate or helpless, such behaviors not only cast a shadow over the relationship between the zero and zero, but also extremely disadvantageous for the development of the parts and components enterprises. “Suppliers must first make money, and live on the road to talk about so-called quality improvement and technological innovation. It’s hard to make progress on a company that struggles on the death line.†The business said so. It can be seen that compared with the car powers of Europe, America and Japan, the Chinese auto parts industry has made some progress in recent years, but there is still a lack of truly powerful parts suppliers. This will inevitably drag down the development of the automobile supply chain, which is not conducive to the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry from large to strong. Need to establish a technical bond The "unspoken rules" of the zero-relationship relationship have long been a drawback. In the past, the industry has changed the relationship between the two parties in various ways, but the results have been minimal. The reason is that these methods fail to eliminate the crux of the zero contradiction. ? As mentioned above, the emergence of the contradiction of zero is mainly due to the unequal relationship between the two parties. So what led to the inequality of the zero relationship? The main reason is that the component suppliers are not mature enough in technology, and it is difficult to make products that cannot be replaced. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a relatively equal status with automobile manufacturers, and it is difficult to get rid of the constraints of vehicle manufacturers. ? Du Daofeng said that the whole zero relationship is a technical problem in the end. Only the parts and components enterprises can exert their own strengths and strengthen their own competitive advantages to change their weak position. "If the parts and components enterprises are still passively pulled by the vehicle manufacturers to develop some products, then the parts companies will never have the right to speak. Not only the supporting vehicle companies, but also the parts companies should guide the vehicle manufacturers to carry out some product development. Have product technology that is not easily replaced, so that the whole vehicle company can rely on itself." Du Daofeng also pointed out that vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers should establish more horizontal cooperation, that is, deep cooperation in R&D and procurement, and further strengthen the coordinated development of both parties, which requires component suppliers to have certain technologies. The essence. In short, we want to solve the contradiction of zero and realize the coordinated development of both sides, and we cannot circumvent technical problems. The support of the whole vehicle enterprise is indispensable Some of the requirements faced by Chinese automakers are also difficult to avoid in foreign automakers, such as reducing costs, etc. However, the practice of foreign vehicles in specific treatment methods is worth learning. Some suppliers have revealed that some foreign auto companies will also have requirements for cost reduction, but they will provide free guidance to help suppliers reduce costs, and will retain enough profits and set a reasonable accounting period. In China, few auto companies can do this. ? Du Daofeng pointed out that vehicle companies should take more consideration of the situation of component suppliers and help some quality suppliers become bigger and stronger. “For example, there is a situation in which some parts and components companies are subject to their contractual relationship with the vehicle manufacturers, and they cannot penetrate the market to the post-market. In fact, if the parts suppliers can bring the aftermarket business As a supplement, to increase revenue and have more capital invested in technology research and development, this will have a very beneficial impact on component suppliers." The Medium and Long-Term Development Plan for the Automotive Industry proposes to build a new "complete vehicle-parts" cooperation relationship, encourage deep cooperation between the backbone of the vehicle and the superior parts and components enterprises at the level of R&D and procurement, and establish a key zero for safety and control. Component matching system. Promote the improvement of national science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.), select the direction, establish key parts industrialization and “complete vehicle-parts†supporting project evaluation indicators, and encourage the coordinated development of vehicle and parts enterprises. Indeed, China's own-brand vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers are still in the process of development and growth. In this process, the two sides should cooperate and support each other. Only in this way can the component companies grow up quickly and the Chinese auto industry can be strong. Fortunately, some companies have begun to work in this direction.
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Abstract The zero-relationship relationship is not a new topic. However, in the context of the downturn of the automobile market, this topic has once again been heatedly debated because of the new and old contradictions between vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers. It is worth noting that when the industry is discussing the relationship of zeros, it is not just this relationship...