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The so-called "triangular debt" refers to the situation where enterprises fail to pay their debts beyond the agreed or promised payment period, creating a chain of unpaid obligations. This issue has become a recurring challenge across various industries, with significant concerns about its potential to spread further. According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the problem is widespread, and in sectors like precision steel pipe manufacturing, the risk of escalation is particularly high.
Recently, a report from the Enterprise Research Institute of the State Council's Development Research Center warned about the resurgence of the "triangular debt" issue. During extensive research on enterprise transformation and development, many companies reported growing difficulties in collecting receivables, with mutual arrears becoming increasingly common. This phenomenon, which once plagued Chinese enterprises in the early 1990s, is now reappearing.
Public discussions increasingly compare the current situation to the triangular debt crisis of the 1990s, highlighting three new characteristics. Unlike before, the current issue involves more private and small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) rather than just state-owned ones. Additionally, the debt burden varies significantly across industries, often reflecting the position of the company within the supply chain. In the steel industry, two key factors are closely related: capital intensity and financing disparities.
First, the steel industry is highly capital-intensive, requiring substantial credit support from banks to maintain operations. SMEs and private enterprises face much greater challenges in accessing loans and policy support compared to state-owned enterprises. As a result, even when the overall industry performs well, state-owned enterprises typically have better financial stability. However, during downturns, the lack of liquidity hits SMEs and private steel traders or producers much harder.
Second, the steel industry and its upstream and downstream sectors are critical to infrastructure and public life, with state-owned enterprises dominating these areas. This dominance means that when a major player faces financial strain, it often starts a chain reaction of unpaid debts. SMEs in the supply chain usually lack the capacity to recover, making them the most vulnerable. Especially for steel traders dealing with state-owned downstream companies, they are at a severe disadvantage. To fulfill contracts, they may take bank loans without sufficient liquidity, leading to repeated refinancing. When these loans mature, they often turn to high-interest private loans, creating a dangerous cycle.
As the steel trade continues to struggle, the pressure of triangular debt is likely to persist, affecting not only individual companies but also the broader economic environment. Addressing this issue requires coordinated efforts from both the government and the private sector to ensure sustainable development and financial stability.
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FLK has achieved a breakthrough in the manufacturing technology of integrated complex components made of silicon carbide ceramics by using additive manufacturing technology.