Be optimistic about your family's apple, don't let it "change your heart"

In recent years, the risk of apple heart disease has increased year by year, and the disease rate is as high as 40%. In order to understand the causes and prevention methods of apple mildew disease, recently, the reporter interviewed Liang Jun, a professor at the College of Horticulture of Northwest A&F University. Liang Jun told reporters that the key to the prevention and control of apple mildew disease is to prevent the fruit from being sprayed during flowering, and to refrigerate after harvesting to control the development of the disease.

Multiple pathogen infections are the main cause

According to Liang Jun, the appearance symptoms of apple mildew are not obvious and difficult to identify. When the diseased fruit was cut, it was found that the ventricle of the diseased fruit became brown, and gray-green or pink mildew was produced, which was early in coloration and easily fell off. The disease is caused by a variety of pathogens, the pathogens are very strong, and the diseased fruits, soil and trees in the field can be wintered. In the following spring, the pathogens spread with wind and rain and airflow. When the apples bloom, the bacteria infect them. In mid-June, the young fruit can be dissected to see the heart. As the fruit matures, the disease is aggravated, and a large number of fruit drops often occur before harvesting, and some of the diseased fruit is brought into the storage, and the mold will continue to be mildewed under suitable conditions.

It is understood that the occurrence of apple mildew disease is closely related to climate and variety. It is easy to cause pathogen infection when it is rainy and humid during flowering. At the same time, all apple varieties with open mouth and long tube and heart are susceptible to disease.

Chemical control is the main measure

Liang Jun told reporters that spraying pesticides is the main measure to effectively control mildew. When the apple flowering period is not used, the flowering period will affect the pollination, and the fruit is easily deformed. When the flower falls to about 80%, the agent containing the "polymycin" component can be used for prevention and treatment.

In addition, it is also necessary to strengthen cultivation management, enhance tree potential, and improve the disease resistance of trees; do a good job in the health of orchards, especially in flowering period; thoroughly remove the dead tissues such as shoots and fallen leaves on the trees before flowering to reduce the source of bacteria. . At the same time, for fruits with heavier incidence in the field, the stock should be kept in a single storage, and the fruits of the storage and transportation should be strictly selected, and the diseased fruit and the defective and injured fruits should be removed. If there are conditions, the person should be stored in the sputum within 24 hours after harvesting, and the temperature should be kept at 1 °C ~ 2 °C to avoid the formation of heart-breaking fruit after harvest.