Keratophyre is a type of sodium-rich marine silicate-aluminum eruptive rock, typically associated with fine-grained rocks and sharing a genetic relationship. First introduced by the German geologist C. W. Gombel in 1874, the term originally referred to a feldspar-rich rock found in the Fichtel Mountains of Germany, specifically one containing albite. It is considered a neutral volcanic rock formed on the seafloor, rich in sodium content. This rock often exhibits a plaque-like structure, with phenocrysts primarily composed of albite, followed by sodium-rich plagioclase and potassium feldspar. Dark mineral porphyry varieties are uncommon.

The groundmass of keratophyre is cryptocrystalline, mainly consisting of albite and sodium-rich plagioclase, with smaller amounts of potassium feldspar, chlorite, and calcite. It frequently occurs alongside fine-grained rocks, forming what is known as seafloor biotite porphyry. The origin of keratophyre remains debated—some researchers suggest it forms from long-stored magmas beneath the seabed, while others believe it results from sodium-rich porphyry or basaltic magma intrusions. Its unique composition and formation conditions make it an interesting subject for geological studies, especially in understanding ancient marine volcanic activity and the evolution of igneous rocks in oceanic settings.

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