God in special ceramic Nirvana car application Zhiguo (Handan Ceramics Research and Design Institute of Handan 456,200) vehicles as a means of transport is one of the great inventions of the 20th century mankind. In the past 30 years, in order to improve and improve the performance of automobiles and meet the needs of the diversification of automobile functions, people have been focusing their attention on the use of special ceramics. The earliest use of ceramic materials for the manufacture of insulators on automotive spark plugs was extended to the development of ceramic engines (ceramic engines). At present, net insulators for automobile spark plugs have been developed and expanded to develop ceramic engines (ceramic engines). At present, there are oxygen sensors for purifying exhaust emissions, honeycomb ceramic catalyst carriers, temperature sensors for protecting catalysts, deflagration sensors for improving thermal efficiency, and valves used for valve heating, mechanical seals, smart electric wipers, collision and shockproof, and airbags. Sensitive ceramic materials and more. According to a rough estimate, there will be hundreds of special ceramic parts used in a high-end car, and there will be significant growth. In recent years, the development of automotive ceramic engines is about to enter the stage of official use. The extensive use of special ceramics in automobiles will greatly improve the quality and functional efficiency of the automobile itself, showing obvious economic value and social value. 2, superior mechanical properties and material properties as the car travels faster and faster, more and more widely used in a range, which the future more and more demanding environment. In many cases, parts and components of a conventional metallic material can not meet the development of automobile industry and the ceramic article for an automobile provided with many fine features and mechanical properties. Such as long-term resistance to 20G vibration function; for combustion, exhaust system parts can be long-term patience 50-60/8 rapid quenching; mechanical properties of high reliability, failure rate is only 15 or less; special ceramic can be with metal or Other materials have good bondability; can be mass-produced and inexpensive. Researchers engaged in automotive materials have proved through years of development, development, testing and industrial application that after many parts are changed to ceramic materials, their mechanical properties are much better than those made of metal materials or other materials. 3, a variety of special ceramic parts, components 3.1 Zirconia oxygen sensor Zirconia ceramic oxygen sensor is highly reliable. As a component for purifying the exhaust gas, it is used to measure the concentration of 2 in the exhaust gas, and the measured value is fed back to the engine air supply and the fuel supply system to promote the combustion of the internal combustion engine to always maintain a full combustion state. This can achieve significant energy savings. Since the phase of the ceramic material used is a fully cubic stabilized zirconia, tetragonal and monoclinic mixed partially stabilized zirconia, the mechanical properties during use are excellent, and many of the heat due to friction can be reduced. , to extend the use of parts. 3.2 Cordierite ceramic Honeycomb catalyst carrier, also known as honeycomb ceramics. Honeycomb-type catalytic support is porous thin structure, material strength only lOKg / mm2. It is also placed in the same oxygen mass susceptor temperature, vibration range, subject to severe thermal stress test. The catalyst is used to purify the exhaust gas (automobile exhaust gas). After the engine is ignited in the carrier environment, the exhaust gas to be burnt can be burned on the surface of the carrier, so the temperature change condition is more severe than that of the oxygen sensor. Honeycomb ceramic materials use cordierite-based ceramics and strive to have a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Therefore, the thermal stress generated on the carrier is smaller than that of the oxygen sensor. At present, the automotive exhaust gas treatment equipment mainly uses argentine green honeycomb ceramic products. As a result of environmental protection, the amount of its use has increased significantly. The cordierite ceramic honeycomb catalyst carrier products manufactured by Tsubakimoto Insulators have occupied 40% of the world market. 3.3 Ceramic valve heaters are fully fired when the engine is started, equipped with a comprehensive heating device on the suction side, also known as the valve Heater to promote the heating of suction - to complete the mixing of the evaporated fuel. In the case of suction heating, in order to control the temperature and improve the reliability of the mounting H, a barium titanate ceramic series PTC (thermistor) is used as a valve heater. With a ceramic valve heater, the engine is in full combustion once it is started, thereby achieving net gas emissions and improving the efficiency of combustion. The ceramic gas 1' heater consists of ceramic material parts. 3.4 Ceramic Deflagration Sensors In order to improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle's combustion system, people's internal deflagration of the engine is often adjusted to occur at the top dead center of the piston. The piezoelectric ceramic deflagration sensor can still resist fatigue and prolong service life under repeated application conditions. Detonation burners equipped with PZT ceramic elements have now been used on automobiles. This ceramic deflagration sensor has good performance and remains stable for thousands of hours. The fracture toughness is 6.5MNm and the strength is 10Kg/mm2, which can fully improve the combustion efficiency and energy saving effect. 3.5 Ceramics Ceramics The use of ceramics in automotive applications has led to the development of ceramic ceramic piston engines. In the future, there will be secondary combustion chambers, piston heads, cylinder liners, cylinder heads, pressurized rotors and other ceramic components and parts. These parts can use silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide or partially stabilized zirconia and other special ceramic materials. The mechanical strength must reach a bending strength of 50 Kg/mm2 or more. The thermal expansion coefficient of the above ceramic material basically satisfies these requirements. In particular, partially stabilized zirconia ceramics not only have a strength of up to lOOKg/mmV but also a much lower thermal conductivity profile than other materials, only -.4/cmS.C. In terms of gas turbine engines, the family cars achieve the same volume as the diesel engines. Fuel costs, turbine inlet temperatures as high as 13501, and can withstand this high temperature only silicon carbide and silicon nitride ceramic materials. Currently, vehicles and materials experts are silicon carbide and silicon nitride material high hopes, and confirmed future automotive turbine rotor, the stator using the special ceramic material is ideal. 3.6 Automobile shock absorbers, especially the limousine damping devices, have received considerable attention in recent years. If the use of positive piezoelectric effect, inverse piezoelectric effect and electrostrictive effect and other intelligent ceramic materials developed into a smart shock absorber. In this way, the vibration formed on the rough road surface of the sedan H can be minimized and passengers can be protected from the waves. This type of automotive damping device uses high-sensitivity ceramic components. It takes only 20 seconds for the car to sense and adjust. In addition, the smart W porcelain wiper made from the piezoelectric effect of barium titanate ceramic can be used to sense rain i! Bu to adjust the windshield wipers on the car's windshield to the best working condition, using intelligent pottery to develop a successful smart security system and intelligent transmission system. For example, airbags and other new vehicles have been equipped with a variety of pottery materials, and both the telephone and TV receiver systems have solved seismic and magnetic susceptibility. ;! 1n and other issues. 4. Conclusion So far, the international ceramics industry has confirmed that one-on-one N-type N-materials application technology automotive manufacturers have achieved the following advantages in the afternoon due to superior ceramics components, components, and components: (I) Energy-saving, Saving energy and increasing speed; 2 Preventing exhaust emissions and purifying the urban environment; 3 Reducing noise pollution; 4 Reducing waste heat generated by mechanical friction: 5 Hang shock and anti-magnetization 1 Make passengers more comfortable and comfortable: 6 Laid down for intelligent cars The foundation. The prospect of a new type of automotive ceramics in the 21st century will inevitably lead to greater and broader market demands, and will also provide a huge space for the advancement of the ceramic industry. China's auto industry is positive: the stage of rapid development and growth of the people. Although some ceramic components and components are also used in steam products, the quantity and quality M are far from enough, and there is a gap between them and international counterparts. Many special ceramic products for automobiles still need to be imported abroad. They are controlled by others and pass through very passively. However, it also provides a huge market for China's ceramic industry, so there is a lot of room for development in the next 20 years. ,
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